XRP outpaces major cryptocurrencies in market rally
XRP has emerged as a standout performer in the latest crypto market rally, significantly outpacing other major digital assets in both price movement and trading volume. Over the past 48 hours, XRP has surged over 18%, outperforming Bitcoin, Ethereum, and other top-10 cryptocurrencies in percentage gains. The rally appears to be driven by a combination of technical breakouts, renewed investor interest, and growing institutional engagement with Ripple’s blockchain ecosystem.
One of the key catalysts behind XRP’s price momentum is the increasing clarity around its regulatory status in the United States. The recent court rulings in the SEC vs. Ripple Labs case have bolstered investor confidence, reducing uncertainty that had long weighed on the token’s valuation. With XRP now partially deemed not a security in specific contexts, institutional and retail investors alike are re-entering the market, contributing to a sharp uptick in demand.
On-chain data further reinforces the bullish sentiment. Whale activity has increased notably, with several large wallets accumulating XRP at levels not seen since early 2021. According to data from Santiment, wallet addresses holding over 10 million XRP have collectively added more than 200 million tokens in the last week, suggesting strong conviction from large-scale investors.
Trading volumes on major exchanges such as Binance, Kraken, and Coinbase have also seen a significant spike. XRP’s 24-hour trading volume has climbed to over .5 billion, nearly doubling its average over the past month. This heightened liquidity not only reflects growing investor interest but also provides a more favorable environment for active traders seeking to capitalize on short-term price movements.
Technically, XRP has broken through several key resistance levels, with the [gpt_article topic=XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk directives=”Write a detailed and authoritative article about XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk . The article should be informative, well-structured, and engaging for individuals looking to profit from cryptocurrency investments and trading. Format the text for embedding into a WordPress post. Discuss as needed. Your target audience includes cryptocurrency investors, traders, and individuals seeking to make money with digital assets, blockchain technology, and XRP. The tone should be professional, engaging, and easy to understand, with a focus on actionable insights.” language=”english” sections=”6″ temperature=”0.6″].75 mark now acting as a solid support. Analysts point to the next critical resistance at [gpt_article topic=XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk directives=”Write a detailed and authoritative article about XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk . The article should be informative, well-structured, and engaging for individuals looking to profit from cryptocurrency investments and trading. Format the text for embedding into a WordPress post. Discuss as needed. Your target audience includes cryptocurrency investors, traders, and individuals seeking to make money with digital assets, blockchain technology, and XRP. The tone should be professional, engaging, and easy to understand, with a focus on actionable insights.” language=”english” sections=”6″ temperature=”0.6″].89, a level that, if breached, could pave the way for a retest of the psychological .00 barrier. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) currently sits at 68, suggesting bullish momentum is still present but nearing overbought territory — a signal that active traders should monitor closely for potential pullbacks or consolidation phases.
Beyond price action, Ripple’s continued expansion into cross-border payments and partnerships with financial institutions in Asia and the Middle East are enhancing XRP’s long-term utility. With the company renewing its focus on real-world use cases and the token’s integration into enterprise-level payment systems, market participants are increasingly viewing XRP not just as a speculative asset but as a fundamental component of the evolving global payments infrastructure.
For investors and traders looking to profit in the current market environment, XRP presents a compelling opportunity. The combination of favorable legal developments, strong technical indicators, and increasing real-world adoption positions the asset as a leading candidate for short- to mid-term gains. However, as with all crypto investments, risk management remains crucial, particularly in a market prone to rapid shifts in sentiment driven by macroeconomic and geopolitical developments.
Bitcoin approaches 5K amid market volatility
Bitcoin has continued its upward trajectory, nearing the 5,000 mark for the first time in its history, fueled by a mix of institutional inflows, persistent inflation concerns, and a weakening dollar. This milestone comes amid heightened market volatility, as global investors react to shifting macroeconomic indicators and geopolitical developments. Despite intermittent pullbacks, Bitcoin has shown remarkable resilience, reinforcing its position as the dominant asset in the digital currency space.
The recent surge in Bitcoin’s price has been supported by a significant uptick in institutional interest. Major asset managers and hedge funds have increased their Bitcoin exposure, either directly or via exchange-traded products. BlackRock’s spot Bitcoin ETF, for instance, has seen record inflows over the past week, signaling strong demand from traditional finance participants. This influx of capital is helping to absorb selling pressure and sustain the bullish momentum.
On-chain metrics also point to a healthy market structure. Glassnode data shows that long-term holders are largely sitting on their positions, while short-term holders are driving the majority of trading activity. This dynamic typically indicates confidence in continued price appreciation. Additionally, Bitcoin’s hash rate remains near all-time highs, suggesting robust network security and miner confidence despite rising energy costs and market uncertainty.
From a technical standpoint, Bitcoin has decisively broken above key resistance levels, with 0,000 now acting as a critical support zone. The daily RSI is hovering around 72, indicating overbought conditions, but not yet at extreme levels. Traders are closely watching the 5,000 psychological level, which could trigger either a breakout into price discovery or a short-term correction. Fibonacci extensions place the next major resistance near 2,500, providing a potential target for bullish traders.
However, volatility has been a defining feature of this rally. Bitcoin’s 30-day annualized volatility has climbed to 78%, up from 64% just two weeks ago, according to data from Skew Analytics. This heightened price movement presents both opportunities and risks for active traders. Leveraged positions have increased across major derivatives platforms such as Binance Futures and CME, raising the risk of liquidations during rapid price swings. Traders are advised to use tight stop-loss orders and manage position sizes carefully to navigate the increased turbulence.
Moreover, macroeconomic factors are playing a dual role in Bitcoin’s ascent. While inflationary concerns and fiat currency debasement are driving demand for hard assets like Bitcoin, rising interest rates and central bank tightening could dampen speculative appetite in the mid-term. The Federal Reserve’s recent statements hint at a more hawkish stance, which could lead to increased volatility across risk assets, including cryptocurrencies.
For investors looking to capitalize on Bitcoin’s momentum, dollar-cost averaging (DCA) remains a prudent strategy, especially given the asset’s historical tendency for sharp corrections. Swing traders may find opportunities in the current environment by targeting key support and resistance levels, while options traders can explore straddles or strangles to profit from volatility without directional bias.
In summary, Bitcoin’s approach to the 5,000 mark represents a significant juncture for the market. While momentum remains strong, the elevated volatility and external economic pressures require disciplined trading strategies and risk mitigation. As always, staying informed and agile will be essential for navigating the next phase of Bitcoin’s price action.
Trump tariffs dampen investor sentiment in crypto
The recent announcement of new U.S. tariffs by former President Donald Trump has introduced a wave of uncertainty into an already volatile crypto market, dampening the bullish sentiment that had propelled digital assets like Bitcoin and XRP to multi-month highs. The proposed tariffs, targeting a broad spectrum of Chinese imports and a potential reinstatement of aggressive trade policies, have reignited fears of a renewed trade war and its ripple effects across global markets—including the digital asset space.
Crypto markets, which have increasingly become sensitive to macroeconomic and geopolitical developments, reacted swiftly. Bitcoin, which had been steadily climbing toward the 5,000 mark, experienced a brief dip of nearly 4% following the tariff news, while Ethereum and other altcoins posted similar retracements. XRP, despite leading the rally earlier in the week, saw its momentum slow as traders reassessed their risk exposure in light of the shifting macro landscape.
Investor sentiment indices such as the Crypto Fear & Greed Index have shown a noticeable decline in confidence, dropping from 78 (Extreme Greed) to 62 (Greed) within 24 hours of the tariff announcement. This shift suggests that while bullishness remains, caution is beginning to creep back into the market as traders digest the potential economic implications of renewed trade tensions between the U.S. and China.
The connection between Trump’s tariff rhetoric and crypto market performance lies in investor perception of risk and global liquidity. Historically, trade wars have led to reduced economic growth, increased inflationary pressures, and disruptions in supply chains. These factors can influence central bank policy, investor appetite for risk assets, and ultimately the flow of capital into or out of cryptocurrencies.
For crypto investors, the threat of tariffs introduces uncertainty around future monetary policy. If escalating trade tensions push inflation higher or slow global GDP growth, central banks may be forced to respond with interest rate adjustments—either tightening to combat inflation or loosening to support growth. Either scenario can lead to increased volatility in crypto markets, as digital assets are often treated as high-risk, high-reward instruments in institutional portfolios.
Moreover, the impact of tariffs on tech sectors and semiconductor supply chains—industries with deep ties to blockchain infrastructure—could indirectly affect market sentiment. Many blockchain projects rely on continued advancements in computing hardware and cloud services. A slowdown in these sectors could dampen innovation and reduce investor enthusiasm for long-term blockchain adoption narratives.
Traders are already adjusting their strategies in response to the tariff news. Derivatives data from platforms like Deribit and CME show a spike in short-dated options volume, indicating that investors are hedging against near-term downside risk. Funding rates on perpetual swaps have also cooled, suggesting a reduction in leveraged long positions. These shifts underscore the importance of flexible, risk-managed strategies in the current environment.
For those actively trading the market, this period of macro-driven volatility presents both challenges and opportunities. Swing traders may find success by targeting range-bound setups or playing volatility breakouts, while long-term holders should consider rebalancing portfolios to mitigate exposure to overextended assets. Stablecoin yields and DeFi protocols offering hedging instruments may also gain traction as investors seek to preserve capital during uncertain times.
While the full impact of Trump’s tariff proposals remains to be seen, the crypto market’s immediate reaction highlights the growing interconnectedness between digital assets and traditional macroeconomic forces. For investors and traders looking to stay ahead, monitoring geopolitical developments alongside technical and on-chain data will be critical in navigating the evolving landscape.
Altcoin performance mixed as macro concerns rise
As macroeconomic headwinds intensify, the altcoin market has delivered a mixed performance, with distinct divergences emerging between high-cap utility tokens and speculative small-cap assets. While XRP continues to lead gains among top-tier cryptocurrencies, many altcoins are struggling to maintain upward momentum amid growing investor caution and shifting capital flows.
Ethereum (ETH), the second-largest cryptocurrency by market cap, has shown resilience but remains range-bound between ,800 and ,200. Despite network upgrades and increasing staking participation, ETH has underperformed relative to XRP and Bitcoin in recent sessions. Analysts attribute this to lingering uncertainty surrounding Ethereum’s scalability roadmap and the potential impact of regulatory scrutiny on smart contract platforms.
Solana (SOL), another popular Layer 1 protocol, has seen a modest 4% gain over the past week, buoyed by strong developer activity and continued growth in decentralized finance (DeFi) and NFT ecosystems. However, the token remains well below its all-time high, with traders hesitant to take large positions given the broader volatility in risk assets. Avalanche (AVAX) and Polkadot (DOT) have similarly posted tepid gains, reflecting a cautious stance among investors toward emerging blockchain platforms.
In contrast, memecoins and high-beta altcoins have experienced sharp pullbacks. Dogecoin (DOGE) and Shiba Inu (SHIB), which had seen speculative rallies earlier in the month, are down 12% and 9% respectively over the past five days. These declines underscore the market’s rotation out of low-utility assets and into more fundamentally sound projects amid rising macroeconomic uncertainty.
One of the key drivers behind the uneven performance is the growing concern over inflation, interest rate hikes, and geopolitical instability. The risk-off sentiment has led to a flight to quality within the crypto space, with capital flowing into more established assets like Bitcoin, XRP, and Ethereum, while smaller and more volatile tokens experience liquidity drainage. Institutional investors, in particular, are showing a preference for assets with clear use cases and regulatory clarity.
DeFi tokens have also seen mixed results. Uniswap (UNI) and Aave (AAVE) have managed to hold their ground, supported by steady user activity and protocol revenues. However, Curve (CRV) and Compound (COMP) have lagged, with declining total value locked (TVL) figures and reduced yield farming incentives impacting investor interest. The DeFi sector’s performance is closely tied to Ethereum’s trajectory, and any delays in scaling improvements could further dampen enthusiasm.
Stablecoin markets are offering additional insights into investor behavior. The market caps of USDT and USDC have expanded slightly, suggesting a rotation into stable assets as traders adopt a wait-and-see approach. On-chain data from Nansen and IntoTheBlock shows increased wallet balances in stablecoins, a common precursor to either accumulation or capital preservation strategies.
Technical indicators across many altcoins reveal a market in consolidation. The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) for several mid-cap tokens is flatlining, and Bollinger Bands are tightening—both signs of reduced volatility and potential breakout setups. Traders are advised to monitor volume spikes and RSI divergences for early signals of renewed momentum.
From a trading strategy perspective, this environment favors selective positioning and tactical trades over broad exposure. Investors should focus on altcoins with strong fundamentals, active development communities, and real-world adoption potential. Projects with upcoming catalysts—such as protocol upgrades, token burns, or exchange listings—may offer asymmetric upside opportunities.
Risk management remains paramount. With macroeconomic uncertainty likely to persist, deploying capital incrementally and using stop-loss orders can help mitigate downside exposure. Leveraged positions should be approached cautiously, particularly in low-liquidity altcoins where price slippage and volatility can amplify losses.
In summary, the altcoin landscape is currently defined by bifurcation—tokens with solid fundamentals and institutional appeal are holding up, while speculative assets are facing headwinds. As macro concerns continue to influence market dynamics, traders and investors must adopt a data-driven, disciplined approach to navigating the evolving altcoin market.
Market analysts weigh in on short-term crypto outlook
As the rally led by XRP and Bitcoin unfolds against a backdrop of mounting macroeconomic uncertainty, market analysts are offering a range of insights into the short-term trajectory of the cryptocurrency market. With digital assets reacting sharply to geopolitical developments, including Trump’s renewed tariff threats and ongoing central bank policy shifts, traders and investors are seeking clarity on whether the current bullish momentum can be sustained or if a broader correction is imminent.
According to several prominent analysts, the near-term outlook for cryptocurrencies remains cautiously optimistic, but heavily dependent on macroeconomic catalysts and technical confirmation. Katie Stockton, founder and managing partner at Fairlead Strategies, notes that despite the market’s recent strength, key resistance levels across major assets like Bitcoin and Ethereum must be decisively broken to confirm a sustained uptrend. “Bitcoin needs to maintain a strong close above 5,000 and establish support at that level to avoid a potential double-top formation,” Stockton explained in a recent note to clients.
Meanwhile, XRP’s breakout is being closely scrutinized by technical traders. Alex Krüger, macro economist and crypto analyst, points to XRP’s relative strength index (RSI) and moving average convergence divergence (MACD) as signals that the asset may be overextended in the short term. “XRP has outperformed due to regulatory clarity, but we’re approaching a zone where profit-taking is likely,” Krüger said. He recommends watching for a possible retracement to the [gpt_article topic=XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk directives=”Write a detailed and authoritative article about XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk . The article should be informative, well-structured, and engaging for individuals looking to profit from cryptocurrency investments and trading. Format the text for embedding into a WordPress post. Discuss as needed. Your target audience includes cryptocurrency investors, traders, and individuals seeking to make money with digital assets, blockchain technology, and XRP. The tone should be professional, engaging, and easy to understand, with a focus on actionable insights.” language=”english” sections=”6″ temperature=”0.6″].72–[gpt_article topic=XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk directives=”Write a detailed and authoritative article about XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk . The article should be informative, well-structured, and engaging for individuals looking to profit from cryptocurrency investments and trading. Format the text for embedding into a WordPress post. Discuss as needed. Your target audience includes cryptocurrency investors, traders, and individuals seeking to make money with digital assets, blockchain technology, and XRP. The tone should be professional, engaging, and easy to understand, with a focus on actionable insights.” language=”english” sections=”6″ temperature=”0.6″].75 range, which could serve as a healthy consolidation phase before the next leg up.
From a macro perspective, analysts are divided on how Trump’s tariff rhetoric and broader geopolitical tensions will impact crypto markets. Noelle Acheson, author of the Crypto Is Macro Now newsletter, emphasizes that digital assets are increasingly being viewed through the lens of macroeconomic policy and global liquidity flows. “We’re seeing crypto trade more like traditional risk assets. That means any surprise in inflation data, interest rate moves, or geopolitical stress will likely have an outsized impact on short-term price action,” Acheson stated.
On-chain data is also being closely monitored as a barometer of market sentiment. Analysts at CryptoQuant highlight that exchange inflows of Bitcoin and Ethereum have remained relatively low, suggesting that long-term holders are not rushing to sell into strength. At the same time, funding rates on perpetual swaps are inching higher, indicating increased leverage and a potentially overheated market. “A spike in funding rates combined with low exchange inflows can precede a short-term correction,” the firm noted in a recent update.
Sentiment indicators are showing early signs of divergence. The Crypto Fear & Greed Index remains in the “Greed” zone, but social sentiment data from platforms like LunarCrush reveals a decline in positive mentions and engagement across several altcoins. This suggests that while the headline numbers are bullish, the underlying enthusiasm may be waning—an important consideration for traders relying on momentum-based strategies.
For active traders, the current environment presents a double-edged sword. On one hand, volatility and directional momentum offer opportunities for quick gains. On the other, the increased sensitivity to macro headlines and market liquidity conditions means that reversals can be swift and unforgiving. Analysts recommend employing tactical approaches such as range trading, breakout strategies with tight stop losses, and the use of options to hedge directional exposure.
Swing traders may find value in watching key support and resistance levels on high-volume assets like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and XRP. For example, a confirmed breakout of Ethereum above ,200 could signal a renewed push toward its all-time high, while failure to hold above ,800 may invite further downside. Similarly, XRP’s behavior around the [gpt_article topic=XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk directives=”Write a detailed and authoritative article about XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk . The article should be informative, well-structured, and engaging for individuals looking to profit from cryptocurrency investments and trading. Format the text for embedding into a WordPress post. Discuss as needed. Your target audience includes cryptocurrency investors, traders, and individuals seeking to make money with digital assets, blockchain technology, and XRP. The tone should be professional, engaging, and easy to understand, with a focus on actionable insights.” language=”english” sections=”6″ temperature=”0.6″].89 resistance and [gpt_article topic=XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk directives=”Write a detailed and authoritative article about XRP Leads Market Gains, Bitcoin Nears $115K as Trump Tariffs Sour Bullish Crypto Mood – CoinDesk . The article should be informative, well-structured, and engaging for individuals looking to profit from cryptocurrency investments and trading. Format the text for embedding into a WordPress post. Discuss as needed. Your target audience includes cryptocurrency investors, traders, and individuals seeking to make money with digital assets, blockchain technology, and XRP. The tone should be professional, engaging, and easy to understand, with a focus on actionable insights.” language=”english” sections=”6″ temperature=”0.6″].75 support will likely dictate near-term trading setups.
Institutional sentiment is also shaping short-term outlooks. Data from CoinShares shows that digital asset investment products recorded inflows of 1 million last week, with Bitcoin and XRP leading the way. However, analysts caution that these flows can reverse quickly if macro conditions deteriorate. “Institutional money is still opportunistic. They’re in until the risk-reward skews unfavorably,” said James Butterfill, head of research at CoinShares.
Overall, analysts agree that the crypto market is at a pivotal juncture. While the structural bull case remains intact for assets like Bitcoin and XRP, the short-term path is likely to be choppy, influenced by external economic events and investor positioning. For market participants, this means staying nimble, leveraging both technical and fundamental analysis, and maintaining a disciplined approach to risk management.
Regulatory and geopolitical factors impact trading trends
As the cryptocurrency market matures and continues to integrate with the broader financial system, regulatory and geopolitical developments are playing an increasingly pivotal role in shaping trading behavior and investment flows. In recent weeks, both domestic and international policy shifts have introduced new variables into the crypto equation, compelling traders and institutional investors to recalibrate strategies amid rising uncertainty.
One of the most influential developments has been the evolving regulatory landscape in the United States. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has intensified enforcement actions, particularly targeting centralized exchanges and token issuers that may have violated securities laws. However, the recent partial legal victory for Ripple Labs—wherein XRP was deemed not a security in certain contexts—has set a precedent that could influence future enforcement and litigation strategies. This decision has not only provided a tailwind for XRP but has also injected greater clarity into the regulatory status of similar digital assets, encouraging renewed institutional participation.
Meanwhile, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has also been asserting jurisdictional authority over certain crypto derivatives and spot markets. The agency’s proposed rule changes to enhance oversight of digital commodity platforms suggest a growing consensus among U.S. regulators for more structured governance. For traders, this regulatory convergence is a double-edged sword: while increased clarity can reduce uncertainty and foster mainstream adoption, heightened scrutiny may also lead to delistings, forced compliance costs, or reduced innovation in the short term.
In Europe, the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation is nearing full implementation, setting the stage for standardized rules across the European Union. The regulation mandates transparency, licensing, and risk disclosures for crypto service providers, which is likely to boost investor confidence and attract long-term capital. However, for traders operating in or servicing EU clients, compliance will require operational adjustments, including enhanced Know Your Customer (KYC) protocols and custody safeguards.
Geopolitically, tensions between major global powers are increasingly influencing crypto market dynamics. The reemergence of U.S.-China trade hostilities, catalyzed by Trump’s proposed tariffs, has had a chilling effect on risk-on sentiment. In regions where capital controls are strict—such as China and parts of Southeast Asia—cryptocurrencies historically serve as a vehicle for capital flight. Renewed trade friction could revive this trend, potentially increasing demand for decentralized assets like Bitcoin and XRP in high-restriction jurisdictions.
Sanctions and international financial restrictions are also reshaping the utility of blockchain-based assets in cross-border payments. Ripple’s partnerships with banks and remittance providers in the Middle East, North Africa, and Asia are gaining traction, particularly in regions facing exclusion from SWIFT or other traditional banking rails. As geopolitical fragmentation deepens, blockchain networks that offer real-time, low-cost settlements across borders may see accelerated adoption, bolstering the long-term investment case for tokens like XRP.
Moreover, central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) are becoming a focal point of geopolitical competition. China’s digital yuan project is entering advanced pilot phases, and other countries are accelerating their CBDC timelines in response. While CBDCs are state-controlled and differ fundamentally from decentralized cryptocurrencies, their emergence could influence the regulatory posture toward private digital assets. Some analysts speculate that governments may tighten crypto regulations to ensure CBDCs retain monetary sovereignty—an outcome that could introduce headwinds for crypto trading platforms and investors alike.
For traders, navigating this complex regulatory and geopolitical terrain requires a nuanced understanding of jurisdictional risk. Assets with favorable regulatory outcomes—such as XRP post-Ripple ruling—may continue to outperform in the short to medium term. Conversely, tokens under active investigation or lacking legal clarity may face liquidity constraints and price suppression.
Position sizing and asset selection strategies must now account for policy-driven volatility. Traders should monitor not only price charts and blockchain metrics but also government statements, court rulings, and legislative developments. Subscribing to regulatory news feeds, following legal analysts, and participating in forums that track policy trends can provide early warnings of market-moving events.
Additionally, the role of compliance in trading strategy cannot be overstated. Exchanges that proactively engage with regulators and implement transparent policies are likely to attract more stable liquidity. Traders may consider prioritizing platforms with robust regulatory frameworks, especially when deploying large capital or engaging in cross-border arbitrage.
Ultimately, the interplay between regulation, geopolitics, and market behavior is becoming more pronounced. For cryptocurrency investors and active traders, staying informed and adaptable is not just prudent—it’s essential for preserving capital and capitalizing on emerging opportunities in a rapidly evolving global landscape.